Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide and is becoming a major public health concern in India. Its increasing prevalence is closely linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and sedentary lifestyles.

NAFLD can affect both obese and lean individuals, as well as children and adolescents. While it is often asymptomatic, it may progress to NASH, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

The condition has a multifactorial cause, involving metabolic, genetic, and environmental factors. Key risk factors include central obesity, diabetes or prediabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.

Early detection, healthy lifestyle changes, and effective management of metabolic risk factors are essential to reduce disease progression and its long-term complications.